Overview: Noma is a rapidly progressing, invasive, and debilitating gangrenous disease of the orofacial region, which affects the most vulnerable and marginalized populations worldwide, in mainly sub-Saharan Africa, and also, in some cases, in Asia and Latin America. Accurate estimation of the noma burden is challenging due to its fast progression, with high mortality at an estimated 70–90% without any treatment, weak health systems and disease surveillance, and lack of awareness of the disease by health care workers and the general population. Despite substantial knowledge gaps, noma is reported to be linked to malnutrition, poor oral hygiene, immunosuppression, and extreme poverty situations, many of which are targeted by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. While commonly available broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used to treat the early reversible stages of noma, once it progresses, the mortality rate is high and the sequelae are numerous, including difficulty in eating, drinking, and speaking, disfigurement, and social stigma.
The aim of the course is to provide information about noma, and to increase the knowledge and skills of national and front-line health workers to help them prevent, identify and treat this disease.
Course duration: Approximately one hour.
Certificates: A Record of achievement certificate will be available to participants who score at least 80% in the final assessment. Participants who receive a Record of achievement can also download an Open badge for this course. Click here to learn how.
What you'll learn
describe the epidemiology and pathogenesis of noma
describe the clinical aspects
explain how the diagnosis is made
explain how to treat noma
summarize the socioeconomic impact, including the human rights perspective, and the appropriate public health interventions.
Course contents
Module 1: Introduction:
By the end of this module, you will be able to understand noma and the linkage between noma and Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs).
Module 2: Epidemiology and pathogenesis:
By the end of this module, you will be able to describe the disease burden and the geographical distribution of noma; understand the age distribution; the associated risk factors of noma; and the pathogenesis of noma.
Module 3: Clinical features and diagnosis:
By the end of this module, you will be able to make a clinical diagnosis of noma in its different stages; list the conditions to be ruled out in the different diagnosis; and describe the potential complication and sequelae of noma.
Module 4: Treatment:
By the end of this module, you will be able to understand the available treatment and intervention options for each stage; understand the sequela care and rehabilitation of noma survivors.
Module 5: Public health and human rights considerations:
By the end of this module, you will be able to explain the socioeconomic including human rights issues and psychological impact of noma; and explain the public health interventions to prevent and control the disease.
Certificate Requirements
Gain a Record of Achievement by earning at least 80% of the maximum number of points from all graded assignments.
Noma: training of health workers at national and district levels on skin-NTDs
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Best Regards,
Mr.Raghvendra Singh Solanki
RN & RM, SCOM ( PHFI ), HICN ( WHO ), Nursing SME
Mb. No +91 8602233670
1 comment:
Description : Epidemiology is the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.
Pathogenesis : The pathogenesis is a fast-spreading, noncontagious gangrenous infection occurring in the face, often preceded by acute necrotizing gingivitis, and stomatitis. Rare microbiological studies suggest an opportunistic infection caused by an imbalance in normal intraoral microorganisms.
Clinical Aspects: The typical signs and symptoms of noma include swollen gums, swollen cheek lining, and ulcer formation. These ulcers spread rapidly and destroy oral and paraoral soft tissues and bones, causing deformity of the face and loss of teeth. The color of the oral cavity may also change into a greyish color.
Diagnosis :
The differential diagnosis of noma includes leprosy, leishmaniasis, post Kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), oral cancer, acute herpetic gingivostomatitis, syphilitic yaws, mucormycosis, chemical burns, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (Vincent's disease, or trench mouth), clostridial or streptococcal.
Treatment : Treatment of acute noma includes transfusion of blood and intravenous fluids, administration of antibiotics, putting the patient on a high protein diet and debridement of necrotic areas. Surgical phase is usually initiated 6 to 18 months after a period of quiescence.
Socioeconomic Impact : The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 4.3 million confirmed cases and over 290,000 deaths globally. It has also sparked fears of an impending economic crisis and recession. Social distancing, self-isolation and travel restrictions have lead to a reduced workforce across all economic sectors and caused many jobs to be lost. Schools have closed down, and the need for commodities and manufactured products has decreased. In contrast, the need for medical supplies has significantly increased. The food sector is also facing increased demand due to panic-buying and stockpiling of food products. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the socio-economic effects of COVID-19 on individual aspects of the world economy.
Human Rights Perspectives : Perspectives on Human Rights is a collection of essays, working papers, and research on current issues in human rights with implications for law and policy. Elisa Massimino, Chutzpah and Humility: Twin Virtues for Changing the World.
Public Health Intervention :
A public health intervention is an organized effort to promote those specific behaviors and habits that can improve physical, mental and emotional health. These interventions can also reframe the perspective of unhealthy habits to change the way people think about those behaviors....
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